The oldest preserved pieces you can find in the first room: hunting trophies and ancient paintings with bird-motifs, initially decorating the walls of the Landgraves hunting lodges.
Well protected against light under big hinged lids you can find one of the oldest herbal collections in Europe, the 16th century Herbarium Ratzenberger.

It presents various fossils and the teeth of narwhales, attributed with magic powers in former times.